• VANADIUM AND ALUMINUM COMPETITION FOR NITROGEN IN MICROALLOYED FORGING STEELS 

  In this study, the interaction of vanadium, aluminum, and nitrogen was investigated using a commercial vanadium-microalloyed medium-carbon bar steel with three aluminum levels.

• Development of Microalloyed Steels for High Temperature Carburizing 

  The potential for use of microalloy additions to suppress abnormal austenite grain growth and produce steels with enhanced bending fatigue resistance after high temperature vacuum carburizing was investigated in a series of Ti-modified SAE 8620 steel

• A Modern Look at Decarburization 

  This program has measured the decarburization of 300M alloy steel, as a function of temperature and oxygen concentration, and evaluated the results by way of models based on diffusion of carbon and on the effects of oxidation.

• The Ancestry, Artistry and Metallurgy of Wootz Damascus Steel 

  The focus of this paper will be on wootz Damascus blades, however, a brief description of pattern welding will be included.

• Thermal Shock Resistance of Electroslag Cast Steel for Hot-working Tools 

  A new testing procedure is proposed in the present study to measure the relative thermal shock resistance of electroslag cast steel.

• Austenitizing in Steels 

  This paper explores austenitizing in steels.

• Toughness of MediumCarbon Forging Steels with Direct Cooled Bainitic Microstructures 

  This paper presents the results of a study performed to evaluate the mechanical properties and fracture resistance of medium-carbon steels which transform to bainitic microstructures on air cooling.

• Solidification Structure and the Effects of Hot Reduction 

  This article will review the literature related to the effects of hot reduction on the properties and performance of continuously cast bar steels.

• Hydraulic Press, Mechanical Press, Screw Press, or HERF: A Comparison of 304L Forging Processes 

  304L stainless steel forgings were produced with equipment of varying strain rate: hydraulic press, mechanical press, screw press, and high energy rate forging (HERF).

• Effects of Starting Microstructure and Vanadium Content 

  Nitriding of steel has been reported to increase the fatigue endurance limit by a factor over 2 5-7. Investigators have varied nitriding process parameters such as time, temperature, and gas mixture to affect the hardness and depth of the nitride lay

• Austenite Grain Growth and Precipitate Evolution 

  Austenite grain growth and microalloy precipitate size and composition evolution during thermal processing were investigated in a carburizing steel containing various additions of niobium and molybdenum.

• Flow Stress and Microstructural Evolution 

  The stress-strain behavior and the development of microstructure between 850 °C and 1150 °C in an austenitic stainless steel, 22Cr-13Ni-5Mn-0.3N, were investigated by uniaxial compression of cylindrical specimens at strain rates between 0.01 and I S-

• Grain Size and Forgeability of a Titanium Microalloyed Forging Steel 

  In this work two microalloyed steels were examined.

• Effect of Prior Microstructure on Austenite Decomposition and Associated Distortion 

  In the present work, Jominy bars are used to characterize the pattern of the dimension change versus distance from the quenched end and versus initial starting microstructure. The behavior of nine different kinds of steels is investigated

• DEVELOPING DATA BASES FOR THE MODELING OF DECARBURIZATION IN STEEL 

  This paper presents methodology for the development of the necessary data bases, including studies of 300M low alloy steel and M48 tool steel.

• Decarburization in High Alloy Steels 

  The purpose of this study is to expand the current database of known decarburization depths at given temperatures and to indicate the relationship chromium (Cr) has as an alloying element in high, medium, and low quantities.

• Investigation of the Proper Hot Forging Temperatures for Various Steel Grades 

  This investigation includes a literature review of recommended forging temperatures and thermodynamic calculations of the solidus temperatures of various plain carbon and alloy steel grades.

• Surface Hot-Shortness of 1045 Forging Steel with Residual Copper 

  In this study, surface hot-shortness of 1045 steels with residual copper was investigated.

• Workability of Medium Carbon 1045 Forging Steel with Residual Copper 

  This project examines the process parameters appropriate to present day practices, simulating the conditions that the forging steels are subjected to.

• Study of Premium H13 for Improved Toughness and Temperature Resistance 

  The objectives of the program were to characterize selected H13 microstructures with emphasis on size range and homogeneity of distribution of carbides, and to examine relationship of the microstructure to Charpy V-Notch impact toughness, and to the